The Paris Agreement, aimed at limiting global warming to 1.5°C, has faced criticism for failing to meet its key temperature goal, with current projections indicating a rise of 1.7 to 1.8°C. Ahead of the 2025 climate summit in Brazil, negotiations have stalled, as Brazil insists that national emission plans are not up for discussion, leading to concerns about the effectiveness of the negotiation process.
Despite these setbacks, some experts argue that the agreement still serves as a crucial moral guide for climate action. Countries like China are increasingly engaging in climate efforts due to economic interests, while grassroots movements in developing nations are adopting clean technologies independently of international frameworks, indicating a complex landscape of climate action beyond formal negotiations.